Analisis Yuridis terhadap Hambatan Pelaporan Kasus Kekerasan Seksual Verbal Oleh Korban di Lingkungan Perguruan Tinggi

Abstract

Verbal sexual harassment in higher education institutions has become an issue that is receiving increasing attention due to its psychological, social, and academic impacts on victims. Although the government has issued the Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology Regulation Number 30 of 2021 concerning the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence (PPKS), in practice, victims still face various obstacles in reporting cases. This study aims to determine the extent of students’ understanding of legal regulations related to sexual violence in higher education institutions and to identify the factors that hinder victims from reporting cases of verbal sexual harassment on campus. The research method used is normative juridical research with statutory and conceptual approaches. Data were obtained through literature studies of laws and regulations, scientific journals, and relevant literature regarding legal protection for victims of sexual violence. The results show that students’ understanding of PPKS regulations is still uneven, causing many victims to be unaware of the available reporting mechanisms. In addition, reporting barriers are influenced by psychological factors, a culture of victim blaming, fear of social stigma, lack of evidence, the suboptimal performance of the PPKS Task Force, and concerns about criminalization through the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law). These conditions cause victims to prefer remaining silent rather than reporting the incidents they experience. This study concludes that the effectiveness of legal protection for victims of verbal sexual harassment in higher education institutions still requires strengthening through improving students’ legal literacy, optimizing the role of the PPKS Task Force, and synchronizing campus regulations with national provisions regarding criminal acts of sexual violence.